Black Cherry Tree Wood: Uses, Benefits, and Identification Tips

Black cherry trees (Prunus serotina) are not just prized for their lovely shape, but also for their worthwhile wood. Whether you are looking to purchase black cherry tree seedlings or would simply like to learn more about black cherry tree wood, this article contains all the information you need to know about this incredible tree variety native to North America.

Introduction to Black Cherry Trees

The black cherry tree is among the most economically valuable hardwood species in North America. They occur naturally in the eastern United States and eastern Canadian provinces and mature to heights of 50-80 feet and diameters of 2-3 feet. Although others who are not furniture makers or woodworkers might know of cherry trees due to their flowers in the springtime, and cherries during summer. It is the wood of the cherry tree that makes them unique as far as their worth.

Identifying Black Cherry Trees

Before harvesting or working with black cherry tree wood, it’s important to properly identify the species:

Bark

The bark is perhaps the most distinctive feature of mature black cherry trees. It has a dark, scaly appearance often described as “burnt potato chips” or “black cornflakes.” Young trees have smoother, reddish-brown bark with prominent horizontal lenticels (breathing pores).

Leaves

Black cherry leaves are simple, alternate, and oval-shaped with finely serrated edges. They measure 2-5 inches long, are dark green and glossy on top, and have a paler underside.

Flowers and Fruit

In spring, black cherry trees produce small white flowers in elongated clusters called racemes. By late summer, these develop into small, dark purple-black fruits that are enjoyed by birds and wildlife.

Growing Conditions

If you’re considering planting black cherry tree seedlings, know that they prefer well-drained soils and full sun, though they can tolerate partial shade. They grow best in moist, fertile soils but adapt to various conditions.

Black Cherry Tree Wood Characteristics

Black cherry tree wood is highly sought after for numerous applications due to its exceptional properties:

Appearance

Freshly cut cherry wood has a light pinkish-brown color that deepens to a rich reddish-brown with exposure to light. This natural darkening process is one of the most cherished qualities of black cherry tree wood.

Grain Pattern

The wood features a straight, fine grain with occasional figure patterns like curly or wavy grain. It often contains small gum pockets and mineral streaks that add character.

Workability

Despite its hardness, black cherry tree wood is relatively easy to work with using both hand and power tools. It planes, turns, and sands beautifully, taking finishes exceptionally well.

Durability

With a Janka hardness rating of 950 lbf (pounds-force), black cherry provides good durability for indoor applications, though it’s not typically used for outdoor projects without proper treatment.

Popular Uses for Black Cherry Tree Wood

Black cherry tree wood is versatile and finds its way into numerous applications:

Fine Furniture

Perhaps the most celebrated use for black cherry tree wood is in high-end furniture. Its rich color, exceptional stability, and ability to age beautifully make it a premium choice for heirloom-quality pieces.

Cabinetry

Kitchen and bathroom cabinetry made from black cherry tree wood offers timeless elegance. The wood’s warm tones create inviting spaces that become more beautiful with age.

Flooring

Though not as hard as oak or maple, black cherry makes stunning hardwood flooring that develops a distinguished patina over time.

Musical Instruments

The acoustic properties of black cherry tree wood make it suitable for certain components in guitars, pianos, and other musical instruments.

Decorative Woodturning

Woodturners prize black cherry for crafting bowls, vases, and decorative items due to its beautiful color and smooth finish.

Architectural Millwork

From moldings to paneling, black cherry tree wood adds sophistication to interior architectural elements.

Benefits of Black Cherry Tree Wood

Beyond its aesthetic appeal, black cherry tree wood offers several advantages:

Sustainability

When properly managed, black cherry trees are a renewable resource. Their relatively fast growth rate (for a hardwood) makes them a more sustainable option than some exotic species.

Value Appreciation

Unlike many materials that degrade over time, black cherry tree wood often increases in value as it ages, developing a deeper, more lustrous patina.

Local Sourcing

For those in North America, using black cherry tree wood supports local forestry and reduces the carbon footprint associated with importing exotic hardwoods.

Versatility

Few woods match black cherry’s combination of workability, stability, and aesthetic appeal across so many applications.

Growing Black Cherry Trees

Planting Black Cherry Tree Seedlings

When planting black cherry tree seedlings, select a site with well-drained soil and adequate sunlight. Spring is typically the best time for planting, though fall can also work in milder climates.

Spacing and Care

Plant seedlings at least 20 feet apart to allow for proper crown development. While black cherry trees are relatively low-maintenance once established, they benefit from regular watering during dry periods in their first few years.

Growth Timeline

Patience is key when growing black cherry trees for their wood. While they grow more quickly than many hardwoods, expect 30-50 years before a tree reaches harvestable size for premium lumber.

Pest Management

Black cherry trees can be susceptible to certain pests and diseases, including cherry tent caterpillars and black knot fungus. Regular inspection and appropriate management can help ensure healthy growth.

Harvesting and Processing Black Cherry Tree Wood

Optimal Harvesting

The best black cherry tree wood comes from mature trees at least 16 inches in diameter. Selective harvesting practices ensure sustainable management of black cherry forests.

Proper Drying

After harvesting, black cherry tree wood requires careful drying to prevent warping and checking. Typical air-drying takes about one year per inch of thickness, followed by kiln drying to reach optimal moisture content.

Processing Considerations

When working with black cherry tree wood, sharp tools are essential to achieve clean cuts and prevent tear-out, particularly when dealing with figured grain patterns.

Conclusion

Black cherry wood is one of the better natural resources North America has to offer in woodworking and construction. Black cherry seedlings through furniture made from mature trees, this phenomenal tree has beauty, utility, and ownership.

If you are a woodworker looking to work with higher-quality wood, a homeowner looking for cherry cabinets, or a property owner thinking about planting black cherry seedlings, you will get an excellent return on investment with this handsome species, both in appearance and potential value.

Once you know how black cherry trees appear, grow, and work with them, you can better appreciate this incredible American hardwood with its part in not just our handmade culture but also for the lovely lands we depend upon.